diff --git a/src/balancing/ArenaWidget.cpp b/src/balancing/ArenaWidget.cpp
index 9aa234b..2f9fd3d 100644
--- a/src/balancing/ArenaWidget.cpp
+++ b/src/balancing/ArenaWidget.cpp
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ void ArenaWidget::buildLayout(const std::string& arenaName)
 
     titleRow->addStretch();
 
-    m_inspectButton = new QPushButton("Inspect", this);
+    m_inspectButton = new QPushButton(tr("Inspect"), this);
     connect(m_inspectButton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &ArenaWidget::inspectRequested);
     titleRow->addWidget(m_inspectButton);
 
-    m_startButton = new QPushButton("Start", this);
+    m_startButton = new QPushButton(tr("Start"), this);
     connect(m_startButton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &ArenaWidget::startRequested);
     titleRow->addWidget(m_startButton);
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void ArenaWidget::updateStatus(const ArenaStatus& status)
 
         if (status.finished && status.winnerTeam == ti)
         {
-            header->setText("[WON] " + QString::fromStdString(team.name));
+            header->setText(tr("[WON] %1").arg(QString::fromStdString(team.name)));
         }
         else
         {
diff --git a/src/balancing/BalancingWindow.cpp b/src/balancing/BalancingWindow.cpp
index 1579a45..47602f6 100644
--- a/src/balancing/BalancingWindow.cpp
+++ b/src/balancing/BalancingWindow.cpp
@@ -22,15 +22,15 @@ BalancingWindow::BalancingWindow(const BalancingConfig& balancingConfig,
     , m_inspectedArenaIndex(-1)
 {
     m_visuals = VisualsLoader::load(m_configDir + "/visuals.toml");
-    setWindowTitle("DotaFactory — Balancing Tool");
+    setWindowTitle(tr("DotaFactory — Balancing Tool"));
     resize(800, 600);
 
     QVBoxLayout* mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout(this);
     mainLayout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
 
     QHBoxLayout* buttonRow = new QHBoxLayout();
-    m_reloadButton = new QPushButton("Reload Config", this);
-    m_startAllButton = new QPushButton("Start All", this);
+    m_reloadButton = new QPushButton(tr("Reload Config"), this);
+    m_startAllButton = new QPushButton(tr("Start All"), this);
     buttonRow->addWidget(m_reloadButton);
     buttonRow->addWidget(m_startAllButton);
     buttonRow->addStretch();
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void BalancingWindow::reloadConfig()
     }
     catch (const std::exception& e)
     {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, "Reload Failed", QString::fromStdString(e.what()));
+        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Reload Failed"), QString::fromStdString(e.what()));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/balancing/InspectWindow.cpp b/src/balancing/InspectWindow.cpp
index c962e63..468ebae 100644
--- a/src/balancing/InspectWindow.cpp
+++ b/src/balancing/InspectWindow.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ InspectWindow::InspectWindow(ArenaSimulation* sim, const VisualsConfig* visuals,
     : QWidget(parent)
     , m_sim(sim)
 {
-    setWindowTitle(QString("Inspect \u2014 %1").arg(QString::fromStdString(arenaName)));
+    setWindowTitle(tr("Inspect \u2014 %1").arg(QString::fromStdString(arenaName)));
     resize(900, 700);
     setAttribute(Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose, false);
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ void InspectWindow::updateInfoPanel(const ArenaStatus& status)
 
         if (status.finished && status.winnerTeam == ti)
         {
-            header->setText("[WON] " + QString::fromStdString(team.name));
+            header->setText(tr("[WON] %1").arg(QString::fromStdString(team.name)));
         }
         else
         {
diff --git a/src/ui/BlueprintPanel.cpp b/src/ui/BlueprintPanel.cpp
index 150aeca..763b407 100644
--- a/src/ui/BlueprintPanel.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/BlueprintPanel.cpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ BlueprintPanel::BlueprintPanel(Simulation* sim, const GameConfig* config, QWidge
     layout->setContentsMargins(4, 4, 4, 4);
     layout->setSpacing(4);
 
-    m_createBtn = new QPushButton("Create Blueprint", this);
+    m_createBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Create Blueprint"), this);
     m_createBtn->setFixedHeight(48);
     m_createBtn->setEnabled(false);
     layout->addWidget(m_createBtn);
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ BlueprintPanel::BlueprintPanel(Simulation* sim, const GameConfig* config, QWidge
     connect(m_createBtn, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &BlueprintPanel::onCreateClicked);
 
     QHBoxLayout* ioLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
-    m_saveBtn = new QPushButton("Save", this);
-    m_loadBtn = new QPushButton("Load", this);
+    m_saveBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Save"), this);
+    m_loadBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Load"), this);
     m_saveBtn->setFixedHeight(36);
     m_loadBtn->setFixedHeight(36);
     ioLayout->addWidget(m_saveBtn);
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ void BlueprintPanel::onCreateClicked()
 
     bool ok = false;
     const QString name = QInputDialog::getText(
-        this, "Create Blueprint", "Blueprint name:", QLineEdit::Normal, QString(), &ok);
+        this, tr("Create Blueprint"), tr("Blueprint name:"), QLineEdit::Normal, QString(), &ok);
     if (!ok || name.trimmed().isEmpty()) { return; }
 
     bp.name = name.trimmed();
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ void BlueprintPanel::rebuildButtons()
     {
         const Blueprint& bp   = m_blueprints[static_cast<std::size_t>(i)];
         const int        cost = computeBlueprintCost(bp);
-        const QString label   = bp.name + "\n" + QString::number(cost) + " Blocks";
+        const QString label   = bp.name + "\n" + tr("%1 Blocks").arg(cost);
 
         QWidget*     row       = new QWidget(m_buttonsContainer);
         QHBoxLayout* rowLayout = new QHBoxLayout(row);
@@ -266,26 +266,26 @@ void BlueprintPanel::onSaveClicked()
         QFile file(path);
         if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text))
         {
-            QMessageBox::critical(this, "Save Failed",
-                QString("Could not open file for writing:\n%1").arg(path));
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Save Failed"),
+                tr("Could not open file for writing:\n%1").arg(path));
             return;
         }
         file.write(QByteArray::fromStdString(content));
     }
     catch (const std::exception& e)
     {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, "Save Failed",
-            QString("Failed to save blueprints:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
+        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Save Failed"),
+            tr("Failed to save blueprints:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
     }
 }
 
 void BlueprintPanel::onLoadClicked()
 {
     QMessageBox box(this);
-    box.setWindowTitle("Load Blueprints");
-    box.setText("Load blueprints? This will replace all current blueprints.");
-    QPushButton* confirmBtn = box.addButton("Confirm", QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
-    box.addButton("Cancel", QMessageBox::RejectRole);
+    box.setWindowTitle(tr("Load Blueprints"));
+    box.setText(tr("Load blueprints? This will replace all current blueprints."));
+    QPushButton* confirmBtn = box.addButton(tr("Confirm"), QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
+    box.addButton(tr("Cancel"), QMessageBox::RejectRole);
     box.exec();
     if (box.clickedButton() != confirmBtn) { return; }
 
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ void BlueprintPanel::onLoadClicked()
         QFile file(path);
         if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
         {
-            QMessageBox::critical(this, "Load Failed",
-                QString("Could not open file:\n%1").arg(path));
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Load Failed"),
+                tr("Could not open file:\n%1").arg(path));
             return;
         }
         const std::string content = file.readAll().toStdString();
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ void BlueprintPanel::onLoadClicked()
     }
     catch (const std::exception& e)
     {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, "Load Failed",
-            QString("Failed to load blueprints:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
+        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Load Failed"),
+            tr("Failed to load blueprints:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/ui/BuildButtonGrid.cpp b/src/ui/BuildButtonGrid.cpp
index 80626f2..38d0c33 100644
--- a/src/ui/BuildButtonGrid.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/BuildButtonGrid.cpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ BuildButtonGrid::BuildButtonGrid(const GameConfig* config, QWidget* parent)
         m_costs[def.type] = def.cost;
 
         const QString label = displayName(def.id)
-            + "\n" + QString::number(def.cost) + " Blocks";
+            + "\n" + tr("%1 Blocks").arg(def.cost);
         QPushButton* btn = new QPushButton(label, this);
         btn->setCheckable(true);
         btn->setFixedHeight(48);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ BuildButtonGrid::BuildButtonGrid(const GameConfig* config, QWidget* parent)
     }
     connect(mapper, qOverload<int>(&QSignalMapper::mapped), this, &BuildButtonGrid::onBuildButton);
 
-    m_demolishButton = new QPushButton("Demolish", this);
+    m_demolishButton = new QPushButton(tr("Demolish"), this);
     m_demolishButton->setCheckable(true);
     m_demolishButton->setFixedHeight(48);
     layout->addWidget(m_demolishButton, row, col);
diff --git a/src/ui/HeaderBar.cpp b/src/ui/HeaderBar.cpp
index 0cd37bd..68e96ad 100644
--- a/src/ui/HeaderBar.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/HeaderBar.cpp
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ HeaderBar::HeaderBar(QWidget* parent)
     layout->setSpacing(8);
 
     m_timeLabel   = new QLabel("00:00", this);
-    m_blocksLabel = new QLabel("Blocks: 0", this);
-    m_bossLabel   = new QLabel("Boss Wave #1  Next boss: 5:00", this);
+    m_blocksLabel = new QLabel(tr("Blocks: 0"), this);
+    m_bossLabel   = new QLabel(tr("Boss Wave #1  Next boss: 5:00"), this);
     layout->addWidget(m_timeLabel);
     layout->addWidget(m_blocksLabel);
     layout->addStretch();
@@ -57,14 +57,14 @@ void HeaderBar::onStateUpdated(Tick tick, int buildingBlocks, double gameSpeed,
             .arg(minutes, 2, 10, QChar('0'))
             .arg(seconds, 2, 10, QChar('0')));
 
-    m_blocksLabel->setText(QString("Blocks: %1").arg(buildingBlocks));
+    m_blocksLabel->setText(tr("Blocks: %1").arg(buildingBlocks));
 
     const int bossSeconds = static_cast<int>(ticksToSeconds(
         bossCountdownTicks > 0 ? bossCountdownTicks : 0));
     const int bossMin = bossSeconds / 60;
     const int bossSec = bossSeconds % 60;
     m_bossLabel->setText(
-        QString("Boss Wave #%1  Next boss: %2:%3")
+        tr("Boss Wave #%1  Next boss: %2:%3")
             .arg(bossCounter)
             .arg(bossMin)
             .arg(bossSec, 2, 10, QChar('0')));
diff --git a/src/ui/MainWindow.cpp b/src/ui/MainWindow.cpp
index 6e340a4..4fbbf5f 100644
--- a/src/ui/MainWindow.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/MainWindow.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ MainWindow::MainWindow(Simulation* sim, const std::string& configDir, QWidget* p
     , m_visuals(VisualsLoader::load(configDir + "/visuals.toml"))
     , m_sim(sim)
 {
-    setWindowTitle("Dota Factory");
+    setWindowTitle(tr("Dota Factory"));
     resize(1280, 768);
 
     m_headerBar = new HeaderBar(this);
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ MainWindow::MainWindow(Simulation* sim, const std::string& configDir, QWidget* p
         }
         catch (const std::exception& e)
         {
-            QMessageBox::critical(this, "Load Error",
-                QString("Failed to load ship_layouts.toml:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Load Error"),
+                tr("Failed to load ship_layouts.toml:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
             m_layoutBlueprints.clear();
         }
     }
@@ -183,10 +183,10 @@ void MainWindow::onEscapeMenuRequested()
     m_gameWorldView->setGameSpeed(0.0);
 
     QMessageBox box(this);
-    box.setWindowTitle("Paused");
-    QPushButton* continueBtn = box.addButton("Continue", QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
-    QPushButton* restartBtn  = box.addButton("Restart",  QMessageBox::ResetRole);
-    QPushButton* quitBtn     = box.addButton("Quit",     QMessageBox::DestructiveRole);
+    box.setWindowTitle(tr("Paused"));
+    QPushButton* continueBtn = box.addButton(tr("Continue"), QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
+    QPushButton* restartBtn  = box.addButton(tr("Restart"),  QMessageBox::ResetRole);
+    QPushButton* quitBtn     = box.addButton(tr("Quit"),     QMessageBox::DestructiveRole);
     box.setEscapeButton(continueBtn);
     box.exec();
 
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ void MainWindow::onEscapeMenuRequested()
         }
         catch (const std::exception& e)
         {
-            QMessageBox::critical(this, "Config Error",
-                QString("Failed to reload config:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Config Error"),
+                tr("Failed to reload config:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
             m_gameWorldView->setGameSpeed(prevSpeed);
             return;
         }
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ void MainWindow::onGameOver()
     const int seconds = totalSeconds % 60;
 
     QMessageBox box(this);
-    box.setWindowTitle("Game Over");
-    box.setText(QString("HQ destroyed!\nSurvival time: %1:%2")
+    box.setWindowTitle(tr("Game Over"));
+    box.setText(tr("HQ destroyed!\nSurvival time: %1:%2")
         .arg(minutes, 2, 10, QChar('0'))
         .arg(seconds, 2, 10, QChar('0')));
-    QPushButton* restartBtn = box.addButton("Restart", QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
-    box.addButton("Quit", QMessageBox::RejectRole);
+    QPushButton* restartBtn = box.addButton(tr("Restart"), QMessageBox::AcceptRole);
+    box.addButton(tr("Quit"), QMessageBox::RejectRole);
     box.exec();
 
     if (box.clickedButton() == restartBtn)
@@ -274,8 +274,8 @@ void MainWindow::onGameOver()
         }
         catch (const std::exception& e)
         {
-            QMessageBox::critical(this, "Config Error",
-                QString("Failed to reload config:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Config Error"),
+                tr("Failed to reload config:\n%1").arg(e.what()));
             return;
         }
         m_gameWorldView->resetForNewGame();
diff --git a/src/ui/SelectedBuildingPanel.cpp b/src/ui/SelectedBuildingPanel.cpp
index 320ab6c..de9aeef 100644
--- a/src/ui/SelectedBuildingPanel.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/SelectedBuildingPanel.cpp
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ QString rotationLabel(Rotation r)
 {
     switch (r)
     {
-        case Rotation::North: return "North (↑)";
-        case Rotation::East:  return "East (→)";
-        case Rotation::South: return "South (↓)";
-        case Rotation::West:  return "West (←)";
+        case Rotation::North: return QObject::tr("North (↑)");
+        case Rotation::East:  return QObject::tr("East (→)");
+        case Rotation::South: return QObject::tr("South (↓)");
+        case Rotation::West:  return QObject::tr("West (←)");
     }
     return "";
 }
@@ -96,13 +96,13 @@ SelectedBuildingPanel::SelectedBuildingPanel(Simulation* sim,
 
     m_titleLabel   = new QLabel(this);
     m_recipeCombo  = new QComboBox(this);
-    m_clearBeltBtn = new QPushButton("Clear Items", this);
+    m_clearBeltBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Clear Items"), this);
     m_filterALabel = new QLabel(this);
     m_filterAList  = new QListWidget(this);
     m_filterBLabel = new QLabel(this);
     m_filterBList  = new QListWidget(this);
     m_layoutPreview      = new ShipLayoutPreview(this);
-    m_configureLayoutBtn = new QPushButton("Configure Layout", this);
+    m_configureLayoutBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Configure Layout"), this);
     m_buffersLabel = new QLabel(this);
     m_buffersLabel->setWordWrap(true);
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::buildSingle(BuildingId id)
         QString progress;
         if (s->completesAt == 0)
         {
-            progress = "Queued";
+            progress = tr("Queued");
         }
         else
         {
@@ -207,15 +207,15 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::buildSingle(BuildingId id)
                 const Tick elapsed  = m_sim->currentTick() - (s->completesAt - duration);
                 const int pct = static_cast<int>(
                     std::max(Tick(0), std::min(duration, elapsed)) * 100 / duration);
-                progress = QString::number(pct) + "% complete";
+                progress = tr("%1% complete").arg(pct);
             }
             else
             {
-                progress = "Building...";
+                progress = tr("Building...");
             }
         }
 
-        m_titleLabel->setText("(Building) " + buildingTypeName(s->type));
+        m_titleLabel->setText(tr("(Building) %1").arg(buildingTypeName(s->type)));
         m_titleLabel->show();
         m_buffersLabel->setText(progress);
         m_buffersLabel->show();
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::buildSingle(BuildingId id)
         m_recipeCombo->blockSignals(true);
         m_recipeCombo->clear();
 
-        m_recipeCombo->addItem("(none)", QString());
+        m_recipeCombo->addItem(tr("(none)"), QString());
 
         if (b->type == BuildingType::Shipyard)
         {
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::refreshBuffers(const Building* b)
 
     if (!b->inputBuffer.counts.empty())
     {
-        bufText += "Input: ";
+        bufText += tr("Input: ");
         for (const std::pair<const ItemType, int>& entry : b->inputBuffer.counts)
         {
             int perCycle = 0;
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::refreshBuffers(const Building* b)
         {
             outCounts[item.type.id]++;
         }
-        bufText += "Output: ";
+        bufText += tr("Output: ");
         for (const RecipeOutput& out : recipe->outputs)
         {
             const std::map<std::string, int>::const_iterator it =
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::refreshBuffers(const Building* b)
         {
             outCounts[item.type.id]++;
         }
-        bufText += "Output: ";
+        bufText += tr("Output: ");
         for (const std::pair<const std::string, int>& entry : outCounts)
         {
             bufText += QString::fromStdString(entry.first)
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::refreshBuffers(const Building* b)
             }
         }
 
-        bufText += QString("Cycle: %1 s\n").arg(durationSeconds, 0, 'f', 1);
+        bufText += tr("Cycle: %1 s\n").arg(durationSeconds, 0, 'f', 1);
 
         if (b->production.has_value())
         {
@@ -446,11 +446,11 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::refreshBuffers(const Building* b)
             const Tick elapsed     = currentTick - (completesAt - cycleTicks);
             const int  pct         = static_cast<int>(
                 std::max(Tick(0), std::min(cycleTicks, elapsed)) * 100 / cycleTicks);
-            bufText += QString("Progress: %1%\n").arg(pct);
+            bufText += tr("Progress: %1%\n").arg(pct);
         }
         else
         {
-            bufText += "Progress: idle\n";
+            bufText += tr("Progress: idle\n");
         }
     }
 
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::onStateUpdated(Tick /*tick*/, int /*blocks*/, double
     {
         // If the panel was last showing this id as a construction site, the
         // full building UI (recipe combo, ports, etc.) hasn't been built yet.
-        if (m_titleLabel->text().startsWith("(Building) "))
+        if (m_titleLabel->text().startsWith(tr("(Building) ")))
         {
             rebuild();
         }
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ void SelectedBuildingPanel::buildSplitterFilters(QPoint splitterTile)
                             const QString& dirLabel,
                             const std::vector<ItemType>& filter)
     {
-        label->setText(dirLabel + " filter (empty = all):");
+        label->setText(tr("%1 filter (empty = all):").arg(dirLabel));
         list->blockSignals(true);
         list->clear();
         for (const std::string& itemId : items)
diff --git a/src/ui/ShipLayoutDialog.cpp b/src/ui/ShipLayoutDialog.cpp
index f1c6f0b..9376055 100644
--- a/src/ui/ShipLayoutDialog.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/ShipLayoutDialog.cpp
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ public:
         layout->setContentsMargins(4, 4, 4, 4);
         layout->setSpacing(4);
 
-        QPushButton* createBtn = new QPushButton("Create Blueprint", this);
+        QPushButton* createBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Create Blueprint"), this);
         createBtn->setFixedHeight(36);
         layout->addWidget(createBtn);
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ public:
         connect(createBtn, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this]() {
             bool ok = false;
             const QString name = QInputDialog::getText(
-                this, "Create Blueprint", "Blueprint name:",
+                this, tr("Create Blueprint"), tr("Blueprint name:"),
                 QLineEdit::Normal, QString(), &ok);
             if (!ok || name.trimmed().isEmpty()) { return; }
 
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ ShipLayoutDialog::ShipLayoutDialog(const GameConfig* config,
     , m_removeButton(nullptr)
     , m_gridWidget(nullptr)
 {
-    setWindowTitle("Configure Ship Layout");
+    setWindowTitle(tr("Configure Ship Layout"));
     setModal(true);
 
     // Find the ship's layout grid.
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ ShipLayoutDialog::ShipLayoutDialog(const GameConfig* config,
             this, &ShipLayoutDialog::onModuleButtonClicked);
 
     // Remove button.
-    m_removeButton = new QPushButton("Remove", this);
+    m_removeButton = new QPushButton(tr("Remove"), this);
     m_removeButton->setCheckable(true);
     m_removeButton->setFixedHeight(48);
     if (col > 0)
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ ShipLayoutDialog::ShipLayoutDialog(const GameConfig* config,
 
     // Confirm / Cancel buttons.
     QHBoxLayout* bottomBar = new QHBoxLayout();
-    QPushButton* confirmBtn = new QPushButton("Confirm", this);
-    QPushButton* cancelBtn = new QPushButton("Cancel", this);
+    QPushButton* confirmBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Confirm"), this);
+    QPushButton* cancelBtn = new QPushButton(tr("Cancel"), this);
     bottomBar->addWidget(confirmBtn);
     bottomBar->addWidget(cancelBtn);
     rightLayout->addLayout(bottomBar);